When (I do / I've done). Условные предложения с when и if

A

Изучите следующую ситуацию:

Предложение 'I'll phone y'all when I go home' состоит из двух частей:


и

главная часть:
часть с when :

'I'll phone you'
'when I go dwelling house'

Время в предложении - будущее ('tomorrow'), но мы используем настоящее время (I get) в части предложения с when.

Мы не используем will в части предложения с when.

Еще немного примеров:

  • We'll get out when it stops raining. (not when information technology will stop)
  • When you are in London once more, come and see us. (not When you will be)
  • (said to a child) What do you desire to exist when you grow upwardly? (non will grow)

То же самое происходит и после while / before / after / as soon as / until или till:

  • I'm going to read a lot while I'm on vacation. (not while I volition be)
  • I'll probably get back home on Lord's day. Before I go, I'd similar to visit the museum.
  • Look hither until (or till) I come dorsum.

B

Вы также можете использовать present perfect (have done) после when / later on / until / as before long equally:

  • Can I infringe that book when yous've finished with it?
  • Don't say anything while Ian is here. Wait until he has gone.

Если вы используете present perfect, одно действие должно быть завершено перед другим (так, что два действия не происходят в одно и то же время):

  • When I've phoned Kate, we tin can have dinner.
    (= Сначала я позвоню Кате, и только потом мы можем начать обедать.)

Не используйте present perfect, если два действия происходят в одно и то же время:

  • When I phone Kate, I'll inquire her almost the party. (not When I've phoned)

Часто можно использовать как nowadays simple, так и present perfect:

I'll come as soon as I terminate.

I'll come up as soon every bit I've finished.

You'll feel amend after you accept something to eat.

You'll feel amend after you've had something to eat.

C

После if, для будущего мы обычно используем nowadays elementary (if I do / if I encounter и др.):

  • It'due south raining hard. We'll get wet if we go out. (not if we will go)
  • I'll be aroused if information technology happens over again. (not if it will happen)
  • Hurry up! If we don't hurry, we'll be belatedly.

D

Сравните when и if:

Мы используем when, говоря о чем-то, что несомненно случится:

  • I'm going shopping afterwards. (for certain)When I go shopping, I'll buy some food.

Мы используем if (не when), говоря о том, что возможно случится:

  • I might go shopping after. (it'due south possible)If I go shopping, I'll buy some food.
  • If information technology is raining this evening, I won't go out. (not When it is raining)
  • Don't worry if I'thousand late this night. (not when I'yard tardily)
  • If they don't come soon, I'thousand non going to expect. (not When they don't come)

Упражнения

1. Закончите предложения, используя глаголы в скобках. Все предложения о будущем. Используйте will/won't или present unproblematic (I run across / he plays / it is и др.).

  1. I (telephone) you when I (get) home from work.
  2. I want to see Julia earlier she (go) out.
  3. We're going on holiday tomorrow. I (tell) you all virtually it when we (come) back.
  4. Brian looks very unlike now. When yous (run across) him again, you (not / recognise) him.
  5. (you / be) solitary without me while I (be) abroad?
  6. We must do something shortly before it (be) too late.
  7. I don't want to get without y'all. I (look) until y'all (be) ready.
  8. Sue has applied for the job, but she isn't very well-qualified for it. I (exist) surprised if she (go) it.
  9. I hope to play tennis tomorrow if the weather (be) overnice.
  10. I'k going out now. If anybody (phone) while I (be) out, tin can you take a message?

Key

ii. Сделайте одно предложение из двух.

  1. It will terminate raining soon. Then we'll go out.
  2. I'll find somewhere to live. And so I'll give you my address.
  3. I'll practise the shopping. Then I'll come directly back habitation.
  4. Information technology's going to get night. Allow'southward go home before that.
  5. She must apologise to me first. I won't speak to her until then.

Key

3. Прочитайте ситуации и закончите предложения.

  1. A friend of yours is going on holiday. You desire to know what she is going to practice.
    You ask: What are you going to exercise when ?
  2. A friend of yours is visiting you lot. She has to go soon merely maybe at that place's time for some more java.
    You ask: Would you similar some more coffee earlier ?
  3. Y'all want to sell your machine. Jim is interested in buying information technology, only he hasn't decided yet.
    Yous inquire: Tin you allow me know as presently as ?
  4. Your friends are going to New York presently. You desire to know where they're going to stay.
    Y'all ask: Where are y'all going to stay when ?
  5. The traffic is very bad in your town, but they are building a new road at the moment.
    You say: I think things will be better when they .

Key

iv. Выберите when или if.

Key

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